What is CNC Machining and CNC machines?
- The CNC stands for “Computer Numerical Control”.
- CNC machining is a manufacturing process that typically employs computerized controls and machine tools to cut, shape, and create different parts and prototypes.
- Tools that can be controlled in this manner include lathes, mills, routers and grinders, etc.
- This process is suitable for a wide range of materials, including metals, plastics, wood, glass, foam, and composites, and finds application in a variety of industries.
A computer program is customized for an object and the machines are programmed with CNC machining language (called G-code) that essentially controls all features like feed rate, coordination, location and speeds. With CNC machining, the computer can control exact positioning and velocity.
- A CNC machine allows for tasks to be accomplished with a single set of prompts. This means that it requires very little input from human operators. Once the programming is put into the machine, a CNC machine will operate on its own. The speed and position of machinery and involved tools are run through software. CNC machines operate like robots.
- Steps to programming CNC machines
Step 1: Designing the CAD model, either 2D or 3D drawing, this drawing will be of the desired end product.
Step 2: The CAD drawing is translated into computer code (often as G-code). The translation process is done so that the CNC system can read and execute the desired functions.
Step 3: The machine operator will give the new code a trial run. This will ensure there are no mistakes present in the coding.
Step 4: Executing the machining operation on the workpiece, if the trial run works without errors.
